Do You Speak Health Insurance? It's Not Easy (2024)

Solicit opinions about health insurance and you're almost guaranteed to find consensus: It's mystifying and irritating.

"It just seems like a lot of the buzzwords are intended to just complicate the whole thing and make it more expensive," says David Turgeon, 46, who's sitting in a Minneapolis mall eating lunch.

Health care glossary

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Enrollment season rolls on, and people shopping on HealthCare.gov and the other marketplaces have until Jan. 31 to decide on a plan.

But even people trying to pick from their employers' options can find the process complicated and difficult to understand. The jargon can be overwhelming, and it can lead people to make costly mistakes or to avoid care altogether.

Ronen Ben-Simon, 28, also eating lunch in Minneapolis, says some basic health insurance terms are lost on him — even though he's a nurse. "I don't even know what coinsurance is, to be honest," he says.

Seanne Thomas manages three health insurance plans for people in her family. Mark Zdechlik/MPR hide caption

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Mark Zdechlik/MPR

Do You Speak Health Insurance? It's Not Easy (17)

Seanne Thomas manages three health insurance plans for people in her family.

Mark Zdechlik/MPR

Coinsurance, if your plan has it, kicks in after you've met your deductible and requires you to pay a set percentage of medical bills.

Over in St. Paul, Minn., Seanne Thomas, a 50-year-old real estate broker, says she has gotten good at figuring out how health insurance policies work. She's had to, because her family members are covered under three different plans. "So I had to compare copays, I had to compare out-of-pocket, you know, deductible and maximum coverage."

With all that grappling with insurance plans she's done, Thomas is game for a quiz. Here's a scenario, one of several, developed by American Institutes for Research:

A guy goes to the doctor to get a wart removed. The bill is $530. He has a copay of $30, a deductible of $100 and coinsurance of 20 percent. How much is he on the hook for?

Thomas nails the copay and deductible, but then runs aground.

"I don't know what you mean by the term coinsurance," she says. And without knowing that term, she's out of luck.

Most people would be in the same position. A couple of years ago, American Institutes for Research, which is a social science research firm, asked hundreds of people and found that only 1 in 5 got the right answer, which is $210.

"People really struggle with understanding health insurance for a variety of reasons," says Kathryn Paez, who researches health insurance literacy for the organization. "One is just the volume of information. There's a lot to know. The other is because the language is unfamiliar to them, and they don't really understand health insurance terms and concepts."

"We've created a monster, and it's not surprising to me that there's literacy issues," says Kathleen Call, a professor at the University of Minnesota School of Public Health. Mark Zdechlik / Minnesota Public Radio hide caption

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Mark Zdechlik / Minnesota Public Radio

Do You Speak Health Insurance? It's Not Easy (19)

"We've created a monster, and it's not surprising to me that there's literacy issues," says Kathleen Call, a professor at the University of Minnesota School of Public Health.

Mark Zdechlik / Minnesota Public Radio

And that unfamiliarity, Paez says, is greater among African-Americans, Hispanics and people with low incomes and low levels of education. Highly educated people struggle, too.

"We've created a monster, and it's not surprising to me that there's literacy issues," says Kathleen Call, a professor in the University of Minnesota School of Public Health. "I've studied this stuff, and sometimes I make mistakes."

Call has grown increasingly concerned that the complexity of insurance could compromise public health by keeping people away from the doctor.

"People are treating it more like car insurance: You don't use it until something happens," she says. "You have an accident, then you use it. Otherwise you're trying not to use it. And that's not the way we want health insurance to be used."

And, Call says, not understanding what's covered and what's not can leave people on the hook for big medical bills. "That mistake can mean the difference between paying that medical bill or paying rent," she says.

Surveys confirm that growing numbers of Americans avoid care because of the cost.

Remember that quiz? We ran it by the industry group that represents health insurance companies, American's Health Insurance Plans.

Clare Krusing, a spokesperson for AHIP, accepts the challenge and then wishes she had a calculator in front of her.

"I totally understand why this is confusing and can be challenging," she says. But the low $100 deductible was the biggest stumbling block for her. "I just don't know of anyone that would have a $100 deductible to be totally honest with you."

So who's to blame for all the confusion? Krusing says the industry is using increasingly complicated cost-sharing schemes to hold down the cost of monthly premiums.

She also says plans are trying harder than ever to help consumers understand their policies: "Whether it's on mobile apps, whether it's on email reminders, whether it's easy-to-understand videos, health plans are doing all of that."

The industry and consumer advocates agree, if something's unclear, demand clarification from the insurance company.

This story is part of a reporting partnership that includes Minnesota Public Radio, NPR and Kaiser Health News.

Do You Speak Health Insurance? It's Not Easy (2024)

FAQs

Is health insurance complicated? ›

Health insurance can be confusing and complicated, with lots of new terms and definitions so we put this page together to help you!

Is health insurance even worth it anymore? ›

If you don't have health insurance, those stories can sure get you thinking, Do I need health insurance? The answer—yes! Health insurance has a reputation for being expensive and confusing, but it can also be the only thing standing between you and financial disaster if you ever need medical care.

What is the problem with health insurance? ›

About half (48%) of insured adults worry about affording their monthly health insurance premium and large shares of adults with employer-sponsored insurance (ESI) and those with Marketplace coverage rate their insurance as “fair” or “poor” when it comes to their monthly premium and to out-of-pocket costs to see a ...

Is it a bad idea to not have health insurance? ›

It's generally never a good idea to skip health insurance coverage due the financial risk of ending up with whopping medical bills.

Why is health insurance so hard to understand? ›

The researchers say today's complex insurance plans, with intricate cost calculations and complicated language and terminology, can be very difficult to understand, even for people with a college education.

Why is insurance so hard to understand? ›

Unfortunately, insurance companies are notorious for using complicated verbiage that is nearly impossible for policyholders to understand what is covered and excluded. Insurance companies are aware that policyholders don't understand the complex and lengthy legal text packed into policy pages.

Is it smart to not have health insurance? ›

Financial consequences

Without health insurance you may get charged much more for care that would otherwise be covered by your plan. This is because no one—usually the insurance company—will be subsidizing your cost of care. As a result, you may have to pay higher charges for the same services.

Which insurance is best for health? ›

List of best health insurance plans in India for 2024
Best health insurance plans in India - 2024Entry age (Min-Max)
Aditya Birla Group Activ Health Plan18 years and above
Niva Bupa Health Plus18-60 years
Bajaj Allianz Health Guard Insurance PlanAge (adults): 18-65 years Age (dependent children): 91 days to 25 years
1 more row

How many Americans don't have health insurance? ›

The Share of Americans without Health Insurance in 2022 Matched a Record Low. In 2022, 26 million people — or 7.9 percent of the population – were uninsured, according to a report in September 2023 from the Census Bureau.

Why do people avoid health insurance? ›

uninsurance has been attributed to a number of factors, including rising health care costs, the economic downturn, an erosion of employer-based insurance, and public program cutbacks. Developing effective strategies for reducing uninsurance requires understanding why people lack insurance coverage.

Why do people not want health insurance? ›

Why are people uninsured? Despite policy efforts to improve the affordability of coverage, many uninsured people cite the high cost of insurance as the main reason they lack coverage. In 2022, 64% of uninsured nonelderly adults said that they were uninsured because the cost of coverage was too high.

What happens in America if you can't afford healthcare? ›

Without health insurance coverage, a serious accident or a health issue that results in emergency care and/or an expensive treatment plan can result in poor credit or even bankruptcy.

Why should I worry about health insurance? ›

Health insurance facilitates access to care and is associated with lower death rates, better health outcomes, and improved productivity.

How much is health insurance in America per month? ›

Employee Health Insurance Premiums
Average Employee Premiums in 2022
Employee ShareFamilyIndividual
Per Year$6,106$1,327
Per Month$509$111

Why is health insurance so expensive? ›

Healthcare system complexity

This complexity often results in administrative inefficiencies, increased paperwork, and higher operational costs for both healthcare providers and insurers. These added expenses are eventually passed on to consumers in the form of higher insurance premiums, deductibles, and copayments.

What makes healthcare so complicated? ›

The U.S. healthcare system is highly complex. There are separate rules, funding, enrollment dates, and out-of-pocket costs associated with the various forms of health insurance, whether it's employer-based, private insurance, or government-provided plans like Medicaid and Medicare.

How many people struggle with health insurance? ›

Fifty-one percent of working-age Americans struggle to afford their health care and about one of three (32%) are saddled with medical debt, according to findings from a Commonwealth Fund survey released today.

How many people don't understand health insurance? ›

Basic health insurance terminology – A quarter of all insured adults say they have difficulty understanding specific terms, such as “deductible,” “coinsurance,” “prior authorization,” or “allowed amount.” Among Marketplace enrollees, about one-third (32%) say they find these terms difficult to understand.

How many people do not understand health insurance? ›

Health literacy is a critical need in the United States, with research consistently demonstrating that more than one-half of the U.S. population does not understand basic health insurance terms (American Institutes of CPAs, 2013; Kenny, Karpman & Long, 2013; Paez et al., 2014; Quincy, 2012).

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